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– Roman Empress: 253-268 A.D. – Wife of Gallienus
–
Silvered
Bronze Antoninianus 20mm (3.45 grams) Rome mint: 267 A.D.
Reference: RIC 86, C 113
SALONINAAVG – Diademed, draped bust right on crescent.
VENVSAVG Exe: PXV – Venus standing left, holding helmet and spear with shield.
You are bidding on the exact item pictured,
provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of
Authenticity.
Venus Victrix (“Venus the Victorious”) was an aspect of
the armed Aphrodite that Greeks had inherited from the East, where the goddess
Ishtar
“remained a goddess of war, and Venus
could bring victory to a
Sulla
or a Caesar.” Pompey, Sulla’s protégé,
vied with his patron and with Caesar for public recognition as her protégé. In
55 BC he dedicated a temple to her at the top of his
theater
in the
Campus Martius
. She had a shrine on the
Capitoline Hill
, and festivals on August 12 and
October 9. A sacrifice was annually dedicated to her on the latter date. In
neo-classical art, her epithet as Victrix is often used in the sense of ‘Venus
Victorious over men’s hearts’ or in the context of the
Judgement of Paris
(e.g.
Canova
‘s
Venus Victrix
, a half-nude reclining
portrait of
Pauline Bonaparte
).
Venus was a
Roman
goddess
principally associated with
love,
beauty
and
fertility
, who played a key role in many
Roman religious
festivals and myths. From the third century BC, the
increasing
Hellenization
of Roman upper classes identified her as the equivalent of the
Greek goddess
Aphrodite
.
The Birth of Venus
, by
Sandro Botticelli
c. 1485–1486.
Julia
Cornelia Salonina (d. 268,
Mediolanum
)
was an
Augusta
, wife of
Roman
Emperor
Gallienus
and mother of
Valerian
II
, Saloninus
, and
Marinianus
.
Julia Cornelia Salonina’s origin is unknown. According to a modern theory,
she was born of Greek
origin
in Bithynia
,
then part of the province of
Bithynia et
Pontus
,
Asia Minor
. However, there exists some scepticism on that.
She was married to Gallienus about ten years before his accession to the throne.
When her husband became joint-emperor with his father
Valerian
in 253, Cornelia Salonina was named Augusta.
Cornelia was the mother of three princes,
Valerian
II
, Saloninus
and
Marinianus
.
Her fate, after the murder of Gallienus, during the siege of
Mediolanum
in 268, is unknown. It is likely that either her life was spared
or the she was executed together with other members of her family, at the orders
of the Senate of Rome.
Her name is reported on coins with Latin legend as Cornelia Salonina;
however, from the Greek coinage come the names Iulia Cornelia Salonina,
Publia Licinia Cornelia Salonina, and Salonina Chrysogona
(attribute that means “begotten of gold”).
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