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Item: i80501
 
 
Authentic Coin of:
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Item: i80501
Authentic Coin of:
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Italy. Sicily
Frederick IV, the Simple – King of Sicily: 16 October 1355 – 27 July 1377
Silver Pierreale 23mm (3.22 grams)
Reference: Spahr. 2-210; Bi. 1332
Certification: NGC XF 40 2836210-014
Shield of Aragon.
Eagle of Sicily.
You are bidding on the exact item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity.
Frederick III (or IV) (1 September 1341 – Messina 27 July 1377), called the Simple, was King of Sicily from 1355 to 1377. He was the second son of Peter II of Sicily and Elisabeth of Carinthia. He succeeded his brother Louis. The documents of his era call him the “infante Frederick, ruler of the kingdom of Sicily”, without any regnal number.
“Frederick the Simple” is often confused with an earlier Sicilian monarch, his grandfather Frederick II, who chose to call himself “Frederick III” even though he was actually only the second King Frederick to occupy the Sicilian throne; his self-appellation was retained by later generations of genealogists and historians. The first King Frederick on the Sicilian throne was the latter’s great-grandfather, King Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.
Frederick III was born in Catania and succeeded to his brother Louis in 1355 under the regency of his sister, Euphemia of Sicily. In his youth the reign was under the control of powerful Sicilian barons, in particular of Artale I Alagona. The beginning of Frederick III’s reign was also plagued by intermittent wars with the Kingdom of Naples (see War of the Sicilian Vespers) and also by the Black Death, to which his elder brother and predecessor had succumbed. On 25 December 1369, Frederick ordered all Jews to wear a badge indicating their heritage. The badge consisted of a piece of red material, not smaller than the largest royal seal; men were required to wear it under the chin, and women on the chest. In 1372 he was able to come to peace terms with Naples and Pope Gregory XI, obtaining the title of tributary King of “Trinacria”.
Marriages
On 11 April 1361, Frederick married firstly Constance of Aragon, daughter of King Peter IV of Aragon.[2] They had only one daughter, Maria.
On 17 January 1372, Frederick married secondly Antonia of Baux. This marriage was designed to seal the Treaty of Villeneuve of 1372, by which Frederick’s right to rule Sicily was recognised by Naples and the Papacy. There were no children from this marriage. Frederick was betrothed again to Antonia Visconti, but he died before the wedding and was succeeded by his only child, Queen Maria.
The monarchs of Sicily ruled from the establishment of the County of Sicily in 1071 until the “perfect fusion” in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1816.
The origins of the Sicilian monarchy lie in the Norman conquest of southern Italy which occurred between the 11th and 12th century. Sicily, which was ruled as an Islamic emirate for at least two centuries, was invaded in 1071 by Norman House of Hauteville, who conquered Palermo and established a feudal county. The House of Hauteville completed their conquest of Sicily in 1091.
In 1130 the County of Sicily and the County of Apulia, both led by two distinct branches of the House of Hauteville, merged in the Kingdom of Sicily, and Count Roger II was crowned king by Antipope Anacletus II. Over the centuries Sicily passed through the hands of several foreign authorities: from 1194 to 1254 it was in personal union with the Holy Roman Empire; from 1282 to 1714 it came into a personal union with the Crown of Aragon; from 1713 to 1720 it was in a personal union with the Duchy of Savoy and finally, from 1720 to 1735, was one of the crowns of the Habsburg Monarchy.
In 1282, after the Sicilian Vespers, the kingdom split in two separated states: the properly named Ultra Sicily (Siciliae ultra Pharum, what means “Sicily over the Strait”) and the Hither Sicily (Siciliae citra) or commonly named Kingdom of Naples. The two states stylized themselves always as “Kingdom of Sicily”, until the partial unification in 1516 when Charles I of Spain inherited both lands as “King of Naples and Sicily”. The definitive unification occurred in 1816 when Ferdinand IV and III unified the two entities into a single state, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
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Frequently Asked Questions
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Mr. Ilya Zlobin, world-renowned expert numismatist, enthusiast, author and dealer in authentic ancient Greek, ancient Roman, ancient Byzantine, world coins & more.
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Italy. Sicily
Frederick IV, the Simple – King of Sicily: 16 October 1355 – 27 July 1377
Silver Pierreale 23mm (3.22 grams)
Reference: Spahr. 2-210; Bi. 1332
Certification: NGC XF 40 2836210-014
Shield of Aragon.
Eagle of Sicily.
You are bidding on the exact item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity.
Frederick III (or IV) (1 September 1341 – Messina 27 July 1377), called the Simple, was King of Sicily from 1355 to 1377. He was the second son of Peter II of Sicily and Elisabeth of Carinthia. He succeeded his brother Louis. The documents of his era call him the “infante Frederick, ruler of the kingdom of Sicily”, without any regnal number.
“Frederick the Simple” is often confused with an earlier Sicilian monarch, his grandfather Frederick II, who chose to call himself “Frederick III” even though he was actually only the second King Frederick to occupy the Sicilian throne; his self-appellation was retained by later generations of genealogists and historians. The first King Frederick on the Sicilian throne was the latter’s great-grandfather, King Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.
Frederick III was born in Catania and succeeded to his brother Louis in 1355 under the regency of his sister, Euphemia of Sicily. In his youth the reign was under the control of powerful Sicilian barons, in particular of Artale I Alagona. The beginning of Frederick III’s reign was also plagued by intermittent wars with the Kingdom of Naples (see War of the Sicilian Vespers) and also by the Black Death, to which his elder brother and predecessor had succumbed. On 25 December 1369, Frederick ordered all Jews to wear a badge indicating their heritage. The badge consisted of a piece of red material, not smaller than the largest royal seal; men were required to wear it under the chin, and women on the chest. In 1372 he was able to come to peace terms with Naples and Pope Gregory XI, obtaining the title of tributary King of “Trinacria”.
Marriages
On 11 April 1361, Frederick married firstly Constance of Aragon, daughter of King Peter IV of Aragon.[2] They had only one daughter, Maria.
On 17 January 1372, Frederick married secondly Antonia of Baux. This marriage was designed to seal the Treaty of Villeneuve of 1372, by which Frederick’s right to rule Sicily was recognised by Naples and the Papacy. There were no children from this marriage. Frederick was betrothed again to Antonia Visconti, but he died before the wedding and was succeeded by his only child, Queen Maria.
The monarchs of Sicily ruled from the establishment of the County of Sicily in 1071 until the “perfect fusion” in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1816.
The origins of the Sicilian monarchy lie in the Norman conquest of southern Italy which occurred between the 11th and 12th century. Sicily, which was ruled as an Islamic emirate for at least two centuries, was invaded in 1071 by Norman House of Hauteville, who conquered Palermo and established a feudal county. The House of Hauteville completed their conquest of Sicily in 1091.
In 1130 the County of Sicily and the County of Apulia, both led by two distinct branches of the House of Hauteville, merged in the Kingdom of Sicily, and Count Roger II was crowned king by Antipope Anacletus II. Over the centuries Sicily passed through the hands of several foreign authorities: from 1194 to 1254 it was in personal union with the Holy Roman Empire; from 1282 to 1714 it came into a personal union with the Crown of Aragon; from 1713 to 1720 it was in a personal union with the Duchy of Savoy and finally, from 1720 to 1735, was one of the crowns of the Habsburg Monarchy.
In 1282, after the Sicilian Vespers, the kingdom split in two separated states: the properly named Ultra Sicily (Siciliae ultra Pharum, what means “Sicily over the Strait”) and the Hither Sicily (Siciliae citra) or commonly named Kingdom of Naples. The two states stylized themselves always as “Kingdom of Sicily”, until the partial unification in 1516 when Charles I of Spain inherited both lands as “King of Naples and Sicily”. The definitive unification occurred in 1816 when Ferdinand IV and III unified the two entities into a single state, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
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