CHALKIS in EUBOEA 290BC Hera Eagle Serpent Authentic Ancient Greek Coin i48797

$300.00 $270.00

Availability: 1 in stock

SKU: i48797 Category:

Item: i48797

Authentic Ancient

Coin of:

Greek city of

Chalkis in

Euboea

Bronze 12mm (1.75 grams) Struck circa 290-271 B.C.

Reference: Picard Em. 16; BCD Euboia 156; SNG Copenhagen –
Pedigree: Ex-BCD Collection with original hand-written tag
Diademed head of Hera facing slightly right.

XAΛ, Eagle flying right, holding
serpent; no symbol.

You are bidding on the exact item pictured,

provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of

Authenticity.

 

Hera was
the wife and one of three sisters of

Zeus
in the
Olympian pantheon
of
Greek mythology
and
religion
. Her chief function was as the goddess
of women and marriage. Her counterpart in the
religion of ancient Rome
was
Juno
. The
cow
and the
peacock
were sacred to her. Hera’s mother was
Rhea
and her father
Cronus
.

The Campana Hera, a Roman copy of a Hellenistic original, from the Louvre
Portrayed
as majestic and solemn, often enthroned, and crowned with the
polos
(a high cylindrical crown worn by
several of the Great Goddesses
), Hera may bear a
pomegranate
in her hand, emblem of fertile
blood and death and a substitute for the narcotic capsule of the
opium
poppy. A scholar of Greek mythology
Walter Burkert
writes in Greek Religion,
“Nevertheless, there are memories of an earlier aniconic representation, as a
pillar in Argos and as a plank in Samos.”

Hera was known for her jealous and vengeful nature, most notably against
Zeus’s lovers and offspring, but also against mortals who crossed her, such as
Pelias
.
Paris
offended her by choosing
Aphrodite
as the most beautiful goddess,
earning Hera’s hatred.


Chalcis or Chalkida, Halkida, Halkis

or Chalkis (Greek,

Modern: Χαλκίδα,

Ancient

/Katharevousa:

Χαλκίς, -ίδος), the chief town of the island of

Euboea
in

Greece
, is

situated on the strait of the

Evripos

at its narrowest point. The name is preserved from antiquity and is

derived from the Greek

χαλκός

(copper,

bronze
), though

there is no trace of any mines in the area.

//

 History

 Ancient

Greece

Exchibits in the archaeological museum of Chalcis

The earliest recorded mention of Chalcis is in the

Iliad

(2.537), where it is mentioned in the same line as its rival

Eretria
.

Chamber tombs at Trypa and Vromousa dated to the

Mycenaean period

were excavated by Papvasileion in 1910. In the

8th

and 7th

centuries BC, colonists from Chalcis founded thirty townships on the

peninsula of

Chalcidice

, and several important cities in

Sicily
. Its

mineral produce, metal-work,

purple
and

pottery not only found markets among these settlements, but were distributed

over the

Mediterranean

in the ships of

Corinth
and

Samos
.

With the help of these allies, Chalcis engaged the rival league of its

neighbour Eretria in the so-called

Lelantine War

, by which it acquired the best agricultural district of Euboea

and became the chief city of the island. Early in the

6th

century BC
, its prosperity was broken by a disastrous war with the

Athenians
, who

expelled the ruling aristocracy and settled a

cleruchy
on

the site. Chalcis subsequently became a member of both the

Delian Leagues

.

In the Hellenistic period, it gained importance as a fortress by which the

Macedonian

rulers controlled central Greece. It was used by kings

Antiochus III of Syria

(192

BC) and

Mithradates VI of Pontus

(88

BC) as a base for invading Greece.

 Roman

Rule and Later

Under Roman rule, Chalcis retained a measure of commercial prosperity; since

the

6th century AD

it again served as a fortress for the protection of central

Greece against northern invaders. From 1209, it stood under

Venetian

control; in 1470 it passed to the

Ottomans

, who made it the seat of a

pasha
. In 1688,

it was successfully held against a strong Venetian attack.

 Modern

Town

The modern town received an impetus in its export trade from the

establishment of railway connection with Athens and Peiraeus in 1904. In the

early 20th century it was composed of two parts—the old walled town towards the

Euripus, called the Castro (ie. the

Castle
), where

the Jewish
and

Turkish

families dwelt; and the more modern suburb that lies outside it, which is

chiefly occupied by the Greeks. A part of the walls of the Castro and many of

the houses within it were shaken down by the earthquake of 1894; part has been

demolished in the widening of the Euripus. The most interesting object is the

church of

Saint Paraskevi

, which was once the chief church of the Venetians; it dates

from the

Byzantine

period, though many of its architectural features are Western. In

1899, Chalcis became the prefectural capital of Euboea.

At the start of the 21st century, Chalcis had about 100,000 inhabitants. The

old walls, near the Castro of Kara-Baba (Turkish,

“Black Father”) near the sea no longer stand. The sizable Jewish community was

reduced after the

World

War II
deportation.

 The

Bridges

The town is now connected to the mainland Greece by two bridges, the “Sliding

Bridge” in the west at the narrowest point of the

Euripus Strait

and a suspension bridge.

The Euripus Strait which separates the city and the island from the mainland

was bridged in 411 BC with a wooden bridge. In the time of

Justinian

the fixed bridge was replaced with a movable structure. The Turks

(sometime after 1453) replaced this once again with a fixed bridge. In 1856, a

wooden swing bridge was built; in 1896, an iron swing bridge, and in 1962, the

existing “sliding bridge”. The cable stay suspension bridge which joins Chalcis

to the mainland to the south was opened in 1993.


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