Salonina – Roman Empress: 253-268 A.D. – Wife of Gallienus Silver Antoninianus 21mm (2.63 grams) Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne) mint. 2nd emission, 258-259 A.D. Reference: RIC V (joint reign) 5; MIR 36, 902c; RSC 36 SALONINA AVG, Draped bust right, wearing stephane and set on crescent. DEAE SE-GE-TIAE, Segetia, orans, standing facing within tetrastyle temple.
Segetia presided over crops after they had appeared above ground. Presumably, Salonina was associated with an erection of a temple to the rural deity.
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Julia Cornelia Salonina (d. 268, Mediolanum) was an Augusta, wife of Roman Emperor Gallienus and mother of Valerian II, Saloninus, and Marinianus.
Julia Cornelia Salonina’s origin is unknown. According to a modern theory, she was born of Greek origin in Bithynia, then part of the province of Bithynia et Pontus, Asia Minor. However, there exists some scepticism on that. She was married to Gallienus about ten years before his accession to the throne. When her husband became joint-emperor with his father Valerian in 253, Cornelia Salonina was named Augusta.
Cornelia was the mother of three princes, Valerian II, Saloninus and Marinianus. Her fate, after the murder of Gallienus, during the siege of Mediolanum in 268, is unknown. It is likely that either her life was spared or the she was executed together with other members of her family, at the orders of the Senate of Rome.
Her name is reported on coins with Latin legend as Cornelia Salonina; however, from the Greek coinage come the names Iulia Cornelia Salonina, Publia Licinia Cornelia Salonina, and Salonina Chrysogona (attribute that means “begotten of gold”).
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