TREBONIANUS GALLUS 251AD Pisidia Cremna APOLLO w BOW Ancient Roman Coin i50261

Item: i50261

Authentic Ancient

Coin of:

Trebonianus Gallus –

Roman Emperor
: 251-253 A.D. –

Bronze 23mm (4.72 grams) of
Cremna

in

Pisidia

Reference: Sear GIC 4338; Von Aulock 5114
IMP. C.C. VIB. TR. GALLVM P.F. AVG, Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.

COL. IVL. AVG. F. CRE., Apollo advancing right, about to discharge arrow from
bow.

You are bidding on the exact item pictured,

Authenticity.

In
Greek
and
Roman mythology
,
Apollo, is one of the most
important and diverse of the
Olympian deities
. The ideal of the
kouros
(a beardless youth), Apollo has been
variously recognized as a god of light and the sun; truth and prophecy;
archery
; medicine and healing; music, poetry,
and the arts; and more. Apollo is the son of

Zeus and Leto
, and has a
twin
sister, the chaste huntress
Artemis
. Apollo is known in Greek-influenced
Etruscan mythology
as Apulu. Apollo was
worshiped in both
ancient Greek
and
Roman religion
, as well as in the modern
Greco
–Roman
Neopaganism
.

As the patron of Delphi
(Pythian Apollo), Apollo was an
oracular
god — the prophetic deity of the
Delphic Oracle
. Medicine and healing were
associated with Apollo, whether through the god himself or mediated through his
son Asclepius
, yet Apollo was also seen as a god
who could bring ill-health and deadly
plague
as well as one who had the ability to
cure. Amongst the god’s custodial charges, Apollo became associated with
dominion over
colonists
, and as the patron defender of herds
and flocks. As the leader of the

Muses (Apollon Musagetes) and director of their choir, Apollo
functioned as the patron god of music and
poetry
.
Hermes
created the

lyre for him, and the instrument became a common
attribute
of Apollo. Hymns sung to Apollo were
called paeans
.

In Hellenistic times, especially during the third century BCE, as Apollo
Helios he became identified among Greeks with
Helios
,
god of the sun
, and his sister Artemis
similarly equated with
Selene
,
goddess of the moon
. In Latin texts, on the
other hand, Joseph Fontenrose declared himself unable to find any conflation of
Apollo with
Sol
among the
Augustan poets
of the first century, not even
in the conjurations of
Aeneas
and
Latinus
in
Aeneid
XII (161–215). Apollo and Helios/Sol
remained separate beings in literary and mythological texts until the third
century CE.

Gaius

Vibius Trebonianus Gallus (206 – August, 253), was

Roman

Emperor
from 251 to 253, in a joint rule with his son

Volusianus
.

Gallus was born in Italy, in a family with respected ancestry

of

Etruscan

senatorial

background. He had two children in his marriage with

Afinia Gemina Baebiana

: Gaius Vibius Volusianus, later Emperor, and a

daughter, Vibia Galla. His early career was a typical

, with several appointments, both political and military.

He was suffect consul

and in 250 was nominated governor of the

Roman province

of

Moesia Superior
,

an appointment that showed the confidence of emperor

Trajan Decius

in him. In Moesia, Gallus was a key figure in repelling the

frequent invasion attacks by the

Gothic
tribes of

the Danube
and

became popular with the army, catered to during his brief Imperial rule by his

official image: military haircut, gladiatorial physique, intimidating stance (illustration,

left).^[1]

In June 251, Decius and his co-emperor and son

Herennius Etruscus

died in the

Battle of Abrittus

, at the hands of the Goths they were supposed to punish

for raids into the empire, largely owing to the failure of Gallus to attack

aggressively. When the army heard the news, the soldiers proclaimed Gallus

emperor, despite

Hostilian
,

Decius’ surviving son, ascending the imperial throne in Rome. Gallus did not

back down from his intention to become emperor, but accepted Hostilian as

co-emperor, perhaps to avoid the damage of another civil war. While Gallus

marched on Rome, an outbreak of

plague

struck the city and killed young Hostilian. With absolute power now

in his hands, Gallus nominated his son Volusianus co-emperor.

Eager to show himself competent and gain popularity with the

citizens, Gallus swiftly dealt with the epidemic, providing burial for the

victims. Gallus is often accused of persecuting the

Christians

, but the only solid evidence of this allegation is the

imprisoning of

Pope Cornelius

in 252.

Like his predecessors, Gallus did not have an easy reign. In

the East, Persian Emperor

Shapur I

invaded and conquered the province of

Syria

, without any response from Rome. On the Danube, the Gothic tribes were

once again on the loose, despite the peace treaty signed in 251. The army was

not long pleased with the emperor, and when

Aemilianus
,

governor of Moesia Superior and Pannonia, took the initiative of battle and

defeated the Goths, the soldiers proclaimed him emperor. With a

usurper

threatening the throne, Gallus prepared for a fight. He recalled

several legions

and ordered reinforcements to return to Rome from the

Rhine
frontier.

Despite these dispositions, Aemilianus marched onto Italy ready to fight for his

claim. Gallus did not have the chance to face him in battle: he and

Volusianus

were murdered by their own troops in August 253, in

Interamna (modern

Terni)
.