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Netherlands Antilles under
Juliana – Queen: 6 September 1948 – 30 April 1980
1965 Silver 1/4 Gulden 19mm (3.58 grams) 0.640 Silver (0.0731 oz. ASW)
Reference: KM# 4
◦ JULIANA KONINGIN DER NEDERLANDEN, Head of
Queen Juliana right.
1965 NEDERLANDSE ANTILLEN around 1/4 G.
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Juliana
(Juliana Louise Emma
Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 1909 – 20 March 2004) was
Queen
of the
Netherlands
from 1948 until 1980. She reigned
for nearly 32 years. Her reign saw the
decolonization
of both
Indonesia
(Dutch
East Indies) and
Suriname
from the
Kingdom of the Netherlands
.
Upon her death at the age of 94, she was the longest-lived former reigning
monarch in the world.
The Antilles
are
an archipelago
bordered by the
Caribbean Sea
to the south and west, the
Gulf of Mexico
to the northwest, and the
Atlantic Ocean
to the north and east.
The Antillean islands are divided into two smaller groupings: the
Greater Antilles
, which includes the larger
islands of Cuba
,
Jamaica
,
Puerto Rico
,
Hispaniola
(subdivided into
Haiti
and the
Dominican Republic
) and the
Cayman Islands
; and the
Lesser Antilles
, which contains the northerly
Leeward Islands
, the southeasterly
Windward Islands
, and the
Leeward Antilles
just north of
Venezuela
. The
Lucayan Archipelago
(consisting of
the Bahamas
and
Turks and Caicos Islands
), though part of the
West Indies
, are generally not included among
the Antillean islands.
Geographically,
the Antillean islands are generally considered a subregion of
North America
. Culturally speaking, Cuba, the
Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico – and sometimes the whole of the Antilles –
are included in
Latin America
[citation
needed], although some sources avoid this
socio-economic oversimplification by using the phrase “Latin America and the
Caribbean” instead (see
Latin America
, “In Contemporary Usage”). In
terms of geology
, the Greater Antilles are made up of
continental rock
, as distinct from the Lesser
Antilles, which are mostly young
volcanic
or
coral islands
.
The
Kingdom of
the Netherlands
, commonly known as the Netherlands, is a
sovereign state
and
constitutional monarchy
with territory in
western Europe
and in the
Caribbean
.
.svg/220px-Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands_(orthographic_projection).svg.png) The
four parts of the Kingdom –
Aruba
,
Curaçao
,
Sint Maarten
and the
Netherlands
– are constituent
countries
(landen in
Dutch
) and participate on a basis of equality
as partners in the Kingdom. In practice, however, most of the Kingdom affairs
are administered by the Netherlands – which comprises roughly 98% of the
Kingdom’s land area and population – on behalf of the entire Kingdom.
Consequently, the countries of Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten are dependent on
the Netherlands for matters like
foreign policy
and
defence
, although they are autonomous to a
certain degree with their own
parliaments
.
The vast majority in land area of the constituent country of the Netherlands
(as well as the Kingdom) is located in Europe, with the exception of the
Caribbean Netherlands
: its three special
municipalities (Bonaire,
Saba, and
Sint Eustatius
) that are located in the
Caribbean. The constituent countries of Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten are
located in the Caribbean as well.
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