PHILIP II 249AD Antioch ANTIOCH Silver Tetradrachm Ancient Roman Coin i46827

Item: i46827

Authentic Ancient

Coin of:

Philip II
  –
Roman Caesar
: 244-249 A.D. –

Silver Tetradrachm 27mm (9.12 grams) of Antioch mint, 249 A.D.
Reference: McAlee 1043; Prieur 473
AVTOK. K. M. IOVΛΙ. ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟC CЄB,
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
ΔΗΜΑΡX. ЄΞΟVCIAC ΥΠΑΤΟ.
Δ., Eagle right, wings open with wreath in beak;
beneath, ANTIOXIA / SC.

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Jupiter is usually thought to have originated as a sky god. His
identifying implement is the
thunderbolt
, and his primary sacred
animal is the eagle, which held precedence over other birds in
the taking of
auspices
and became one of the most

common
symbols of the
Roman army
(see
Aquila
). The two emblems were often
combined to represent the god in the form of an eagle holding in its
claws a thunderbolt, frequently seen on Greek and Roman coins. As the
sky-god, he was a divine witness to oaths, the sacred trust on which
justice and good government depend. Many of his functions were focused
on the
Capitoline
(“Capitol Hill”), where the
citadel
was located. He was the chief
deity of the
early Capitoline Triad
with
Mars
and
Quirinus
. In the
later Capitoline Triad
, he was the
central guardian of the state with
Juno
and
Minerva
. His sacred tree was the oak.
The Romans regarded Jupiter as the
equivalent
of the Greek
Zeus
, and in
Latin literature
and
Roman art
, the myths and iconography of
Zeus are adapted under the name Iuppiter.

An aquila, or eagle, was a prominent symbol used in

ancient Rome, especially as the
standard
of a
Roman legion
. A
legionary
known as an
aquilifer
, or eagle-bearer, carried this
standard. Each legion carried one eagle. The eagle was extremely important to
the Roman military, beyond merely being a symbol of a legion. A lost standard
was considered an extremely grave occurrence, and the Roman military often went
to great lengths to both protect a standard and to recover it if lost; for
example, see the aftermath of the
Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
, where the
Romans spent decades attempting to recover the lost standards of three legions.

Marcus

Julius Philippus Severus, also known as Philippus II, Philip II

and Philip the Younger (238 – 249) was the son and heir of the

Roman

Emperor

Philip the Arab

by his wife Roman Empress

Marcia Otacilia Severa

. According to numismatic evidence, he had a sister

called Julia Severa or Severina, whom the ancient Roman sources do not mention.

When his father became emperor in 244 he was appointed

Caesar

. Philippus was

consul
in 247

and 248. His father was killed in battle by his successor

Decius
in 249.

When news of this death reached Rome, he was murdered by the

Praetorian Guard

. He died in his mother’s arms. When he died, he was eleven

years old.